Rozwiązane

INDIRECT SPEECH / REPORTED STATEMENTS 1. He said, 'I got out of my boat, leaving the engine running, but while I was standing on the quay the gears suddenly engaged themselves and the boat went straight out of the harbour with no one on board.' 2.If you saw my father, you'd recognize him at once. He is the most extraordinary-looking man,' she said to me. 3.'They couldn't open the safe on the spot so they carried it away with them,' the night watchman reported. 4.'The steak is overdone again. I'm not complaining; I'm just pointing it out,' said her husband. 'I wish you'd stop pointing things out,' said his wife.

Odpowiedź :

Mowa zależna

1. He said that he had gone out of my boat, leaving the engine running, but while he had been standing on the quay the gears suddenly had engaged themselves and the boat had gone straight out of the harbour with no one on board.'

2. She told me that if you had seen her father, you'd have recognized him at once. He was the most extraordinary-looking man.

3. The night watchman reported that they couldn't have opened the safe on the spot so they had carried it away with them.

4. Her husband said that the steak was overdone again. He said he wasn't complaining, he was just just pointing it out.

His wife said she wished he would have stopped pointing things out.

Mowa zależna - jest to dokładne przywołanie słów innej osoby. Różni się ona od mowy niezależnej tym, że w przypadku mowy niezależnej po prostu przytaczamy kogoś wypowiedź w formie cytatu: "I want to be a director". - said Lola. ("Chcę zostać reżyserem". - powiedziała Lola).

Natomiast w przypadku mowy zależnej brzmiałoby to: Lola said (that) she wanted to be a director. (Lola powiedziała, że chce być reżyserem).

Używając tell musimy wskazać na podmiot, np. me, her, him, us, you.

Używając say nie wskazujemy na podmiot.

Tworzenie mowy zależnej jest związane z następstem czasów, polega to na cofnięciu czasu, który w danej chwili chcemy przywołać. Wypowiedź w mowie zależnej cofamy o 1 czas. Poniżej przedstawiono następstwo czasów z mowy niezależnej na zależną:

Present Simple (do) - Past Simple (did)

Present Continuous (is doing) - Past Continuous (was doing)

Present Perfect (has done) - Past Perfect (had done)

Past Simple (did) - Past Perfect (had done)

Past Continuous (was doing) - Past Perfect Continuous (had been doing)

Past Perfect (had done) - nie ma zmiany

Past Perfect Continuous (had been doing) - nie ma zmiany

will - would

can - could

must - had to

may - might / could

this - that 

today/this day - that day

these days - those days

now - then

a week ago - a week before

last weekend - the weekend before / the previous weekend

next week - the following week

tomorrow - the next/following day

here - there

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