F Change these sentences into reported speech.
Write them in your notebook. Underline the
words you had to change.
1 Jon: 'They are proud of their team.
Jon said
2 Katie: 'I am going to go to the cinema with my
boyfriend.
Katie said.
3 Michael: 'I don't agree with my sister very often.
Michael told us
4 Carolyn: 'I relied on him to remember my birthday.
Carolyn said.
5 Markus: 'I am falling in love with Carolyn.
Markus said
6 Sasha: 'I have been ashamed of my school work
since last month.
Sasha told us
7 Bernadette: 'I will see him this evening.
Bernadette said​.


Odpowiedź :

Reported speech

1 Jon: 'They are proud of their team'. 

Jon said that they were proud of their team.

2 Katie: 'I am going to go to the cinema with my boyfriend'. 

Katie said that she was going to go to the cinema with her boyfriend.

3 Michael: 'I don't agree with my sister very often'. 

Michael told us he didn't agree with his sister very often.

4 Carolyn: 'I relied on him to remember my birthday'. 

Carolyn said had relied on him to remember her birthday.

5 Markus: 'I am falling in love with Carolyn'. 

Markus said he was falling in love with Carolyn.

6 Sasha: 'I have been ashamed of my school work since last month'. 

Sasha told us she had been ashamed of her school work since last month.

7 Bernadette: 'I will see him this evening'. 

Bernadette said she​ would see him this evening. 

Mowa zależna (reported speech) - polega na dokładnym przywołaniu słów innej osoby. Różni się ona od mowy niezależnej (direct speech) tym, że w przypadku mowy niezależnej po prostu przytaczamy czyjąść wypowiedź w formie cytatu: "I want to be an astronout". - said Amy. ("Chcę zostać astronautką". - powiedziała Amy). Natomiast w przypadku mowy zależnej brzmiałoby to: Amy said (that) she wanted to be an astronout. (Amy powiedziała, że chce być astronautką).

Używając tell musimy wskazać na podmiot, np. me, her, him, us, you.

Używając say nie wskazujemy na podmiot.

Tworzenie mowy zależnej jest związane z następstem czasów, polega to na pewnym rodzaju cofnięciu czasu, który w danej chwili chcemy przywołać. Wypowiedź w mowie zależnej cofamy o 1 czas. Poniżej przedstawiono następstwo czasów z direct speech do reported speech:

Present Simple (do) - Past Simple (did)

Present Continuous (is doing) - Past Continuous (was doing)

Present Perfect (has done) - Past Perfect (had done)

Past Simple (did) - Past Perfect (had done)

Past Continuous (was doing) - Past Perfect Continuous (had been doing)

Past Perfect (had done) - nie ma zmiany

Past Perfect Continuous (had been doing) - nie ma zmiany

will - would

is going to - was going to 

can - could

must - had to

may - might / could

this - that

today/this day - that day

these days - those day

snow - then

a week ago - a week before

last weekend - the weekend before / the previous weekend

next week - the following week

tomorrow - the next/following day

here - there